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歌手名：新概念第四册
歌曲名：19
专辑名：hgjjhjj
感谢｛hjgkjg｝辛苦编辑Lrc歌词，并提供给大家分享
Lesson 19 The stuff of dreams
First listen and then answer the following question.
What is going on when a person experiences

rapid eye-movements during sleep?
It is fairly clear that the sleeping period
must have some function, and because there is so much of it
the function would seem to be important.
Speculations about its nature have been going on
for literally thousands of years,
and one odd finding that ma-kes the problem puzzling is
that it looks very much as if sleeping
is not simply a matter of giving the body a rest.
＇Rest＇, in terms of muscle relaxation and so on,
can be achieved by a brief peri-od lying,
or even sitting down. The body＇s tissues are self-repairing
and self-restor-ing to a degree,and function best
when more or less continuo-usly active.
In fact a basic amount of movement occurs during sleep
which is specifically concerned
with prevent-ing muscle inactivity.
If it is not a question of resting the body,
then perhaps it is the brain that needs resting?
This might be a plausible hypo-thesis
were it not for two factors.
First the ele-ctroencephal-ograph
(which issimply a device
for recording the electrical activity of the brain
by attaching electrodes to the scalp) shows
that while there is a change in the pattern of activity
during sleep, there is no evi-dence
that the total amount of acti-vity is any less.
The second fact-or is more inte-resting and more fundamental.
Some years ago an American psychiatrist
named William Dement published experiments dealing
with the record-ing of eye-movements during sleep.
He showed that the average individual＇s sleep cycle
is punctuated with peculiar bursts of eye-movements,
some drifting and slow, others jerky and rapid.
People woken during these periods of eye-movements
generally reported that they had been dreaming.
When woken at other times they reported no dreams.
If one group of people were disturbed
from their eye-movement sleep for several nights on end,
and another group were disturbed
for an equal period of time
but when they were not exhi-biting eye-movements,
the first group began to show some personality disorders
while the others seemed more or less unaffected.
The implications of all this were that
it was not the disturbance of sleep that mattered,
but the distur-bance of dreaming.